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1 labour performance standard
English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > labour performance standard
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2 labour performance standard
Бухгалтерия: норма трудоёмкости, уровень интенсивности трудаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > labour performance standard
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3 standard
1. n1) стандарт, норма, норматив2) образец; эталон3) pl технические условия; технические требования5) проба (драгоценного металла)
- ABC standard
- acceptable standard
- accepted standard
- accounting standards
- applicable standard
- approved standard
- automatic standard
- basic standards
- basic reference standard
- branch standard
- commercial standard
- company standard
- consumption standard
- contractual standard
- cost standards
- credit standards
- current standard
- design standard
- direct labour standard
- double standard
- draft standard
- economic standards
- engineering standard
- enterprise standard
- environmental standards
- established standard
- existing standard
- factory standard
- fiat standard
- fiduciary standard
- flexible standard
- general standard
- Generally Accepted Auditing Standards
- gold standard
- gold-bullion standard
- gold-coin standard
- gold-exchange standard
- guaranteed standard
- health protection standards
- high standard
- home standards
- industrial standard
- industry standard
- international standard
- International Accounting Standards
- International Auditing Standards
- labour efficiency standard
- labour performance standard
- lax standards
- legal standard
- lending standards
- limping standard
- living standard
- loading standards
- local standard
- loose standards
- lot quality standard
- maintainability standard
- managerial performance standard
- mandatory standard
- manufacturing standard
- marketing standard
- metallic standard
- metric standard
- minimum standards
- monetary standard
- national standard
- normal standard
- occupational standards
- operating standards
- outdated standard
- output standard
- packing standards
- paper standard
- parallel standard
- performance standard
- permissive standard
- precise standard
- price standard
- product standard
- production standard
- productivity standard
- professional standard
- prohibitory standard
- qualitative standard
- quality standard
- recognized standard
- recommended standard
- replacement-cost standard
- safety standards
- silver standard
- single standard
- state standard
- statutory standard
- stringent standards
- summary standards
- synthetic time standard
- target standard
- tariff standard
- technical standards
- temporary standard
- tentative standard
- tight standards
- time standard
- trading standard
- universal standard
- unloading standards
- up-to-date standard
- voluntary standard
- weight standard
- working standard
- workmanship standard
- world standard
- standard of accumulation
- standard of alloy
- standard of auditing
- standard of behaviour
- standard of conduct
- standard of consumption
- standard of emergency funds
- standards of fairness
- standard of good practice
- standard of life
- standard of living
- standards of manufacturing
- standard of money
- standard of prices
- standard of quality
- standard of safety
- standard of usage
- standard of value
- standard of workmanship
- above the standard
- according to standard
- at the established standard
- below the standard
- by European standards
- up to standard
- abandon the gold standard
- be above the world standards
- be below the world standards
- be up to standard
- bypass international standards
- come under a standard
- comply with a standard
- conform to a standard
- depart from the gold standard
- devise international standards
- fall below the standard
- introduce standards
- lay down standards
- make to standard
- promulgate new standards
- raise standards
- reach market standards
- revise standards
- serve as a standard
- set standards
- violate a standard2. adjEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > standard
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4 standard
1. сущ.1) упр. стандарт; норма; образец, эталон (характеристики, которым должен соответствовать продукт или процесс; принимаются внутри организации, в рамках отрасли или на международном уровне; могут иметь формальный или неформальных характер)to establish [set\] a standard — установить стандарт
to lower [raise\] standards — снижать [повышать\] требования
We have very high safety standards in this laboratory. — В этой лаборатории очень строгие правила техники безопасности.
Her technique became a standard against which all future methods were compared. — Ее техника стала стандартом, с которым сравнивали все последующие методы.
Most people agree that there are standards of behaviour which need to be upheld, but agreeing on them is rather more difficult. — Большинство людей считают, что существуют нормы поведения, которые стоит поддерживать, но прийти к согласию, каковы эти нормы, гораздо труднее.
Syn:See:advertising standards, African Regional Standard, basic standards, eco-standards, ethical standard, international standard, labour standard, performance standard, professional standard, quality standard, retention standard, service delivery standard, time standard, work standard, workmanship standard, standards department, International Accounting Standards, International Financial Reporting Standards2) общ. уровеньSee:3) комп. стандарт (технические характеристики какого-л. алгоритма, файла или ПО)See:4)а) общ. мераб) фин. (денежный) стандарт ( принцип организации расчетов в конкретной денежной системе)See:bimetallic standard, dollar standard, gold-dollar standard, gold exchange standard, gold standard, silver standard, monometallic standard5) тех. проба (золота, серебра)6) общ. знамя, штандартSyn:2. прил.1) общ. стандартный, типовой; общепринятый, традиционныйSee:2) учет нормативный, заданный, плановый (напр., о затратах, об объеме выпуска, о доходе, размер которых запланирован)See:standard cost, standard cost card, standard cost centre, standard costing, standard performance, standard level of output, standard price, standard bill of materials, standard direct labour cost, standard direct labour rate, standard direct materials cost, standard overhead cost, standard fixed overhead cost, standard manufacturing overhead cost, standard fixed manufacturing overhead rate, standard production cost, standard hour, standard materials usage, standard mix, standard quantity allowed, standard rate, standard time, actual* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов . -
5 performance
n1) выполнение, исполнение (работы, обязанностей, обязательств)2) работа, функционирование (о машине)3) рабочая характеристика; эксплуатационные качества4) производительность; эффективность (системы, оборудования)
- actual performance
- automatic performance
- average performance
- bank performance
- break-even performance
- budget performance
- collateral performance
- continued performance
- continuous performance
- corporate revenue performance
- current operating performance
- dependable performance
- design performance
- earnings performance
- economic performance
- error-free performance
- estimated performance
- extra performance
- fail-safe performance
- faithful performance
- fertility performance
- field performance
- forecasting performance
- guaranteed performance
- individual performance
- in-use performance
- investment performance
- labour performance
- machine performance
- managerial performance
- market performance
- maximum performance
- negative performance
- nominal performance
- normal performance
- operational performance
- operator performance
- optimal performance
- optimum performance
- overall performance
- partial performance
- peak performance
- poor performance
- poor earnings performance
- price performance
- product performance
- profit performance
- proper performance
- quality performance
- quarterly performance
- reliable performance
- residual performance
- revenue performance
- sales performance
- schedule performance
- share performance
- share price performance
- smooth performance
- specific performance
- standard performance
- strong economic performance
- substandard performance
- team performance
- test performance
- top performance
- transport performance
- trouble-free performance
- uninterrupted performance
- unsatisfactory performance
- unskilful performance of duties
- performance of an agreement
- performance of a contract
- performance of commitments
- performance of a company
- performance of duties
- performance of economic system
- performance of engagements
- performance of equipment
- performance of functions
- performance of a machine
- performance of obligations
- performance of services
- performance of technology
- performance of tests
- performance of the undertaking
- performance of work
- attain the guaranteed performance
- effect performance
- improve performance
- increase performance
- measure performance
- monitor company performance
- raise performanceEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > performance
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6 actual cost
упр., учет фактическая (себе)стоимость, фактические затраты [расходы, издержки\] (фактические затраты на производство или приобретение товара; для производства это сумма прямых затрат труда и материалов и производственных накладных расходов, для приобретения — сумма уплаченной цены и затрат на доставку и хранение)Syn:Ant:actual income, actual profit, direct cost, direct labour 3), manufacturing overhead, delivery cost, acquisition cost, standard cost, actual costing, incurred cost б), estimated cost, Cost Performance IndexSee:actual income, actual profit, direct cost, direct labour 3), manufacturing overhead, delivery cost, acquisition cost, standard cost, actual costing, incurred cost б), estimated cost, Cost Performance Index
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фактические затраты: сумма, которая фактически уплачена за актив (обычно рыночная цена плюс установка).* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *издержки предприятия на производство товаров или услуг; могут отличаться от плановых или прогнозных издержек -
7 measure
1. n1) мера, единица измерения2) мерка; размер3) масштаб, критерий4) мероприятие, мера
- accurate measure
- adjustment measures
- administrative measures
- anti-avoidance measures
- anti-delinquency measures
- anti-evasion measures
- antiinflationary measures
- antiterrorism measures
- austerity measures
- coercive measure
- collective measures
- compensating measures
- compulsory measures
- confidence-building measures
- consolidating measures
- constitutional measures
- corrective measures
- cost-effectiveness measure
- cubic measures
- dependency measure
- devaluation measures
- disadvantageous tax measures
- discriminatory measures
- drastic measures
- dry measures
- economy measures
- effective measures
- effectiveness measure
- effectual measures
- emergency measures
- enforcement measures
- environmental measures
- extreme measures
- fierce measures
- follow-up measures
- governmental measures
- health measure
- immediate measures
- imperial measures
- industrial safety measures
- inefficient measures
- interim measures
- legislative measures
- linear measures
- liquid measures
- metric measures
- money measure
- performance measure
- practical measures
- precautionary measures
- preference measure
- preparatory measures
- preventive measures
- priority measures
- profitability measure
- proper measures
- protectionist measures
- protective measures
- provisional measures
- publicity measures
- rationing measures
- reliability performance measure
- restrictive measures
- retaliatory measures
- revenue measures
- revenue-enhancement measures
- safety measures
- security measures
- square measures
- standard measure
- status measure
- tax measures
- tax-raising measures
- temporary measures
- timely measures
- tough measures
- trade measures
- unit measure
- unlawful measures
- urgent measures
- utility measure
- volume measures
- waiting measure
- measures against money laundering
- measures for dismantling monetary gaps
- measures for economic development
- measures for export restraint
- measures for import restraint
- measures for labour protection
- measures for sales promotion
- measures of area
- measures of assistance
- measures of business cycle
- measures of capacity
- measure of coercion
- measures of compulsion
- measure of concentration
- measure of consumption
- measures of control
- measure of damages
- measure of dispersion
- measures of economizing
- measure of effectiveness
- measure of labour intensity
- measure of last resort
- measures of precaution
- measure of precision
- measure of prices
- measure of priority
- measure of producibility
- measure of productivity
- measure of profitability
- measure of quality
- measure of reliability
- measure of utility
- measure of utilization
- measure of value
- measures of weight
- measures on labour protection
- measures to combat the legal avoidance of tax
- made to measure
- adopt fierce measures against price-fixing
- apply measures
- call off measures
- put measures into effect
- take measures
- undertake measures
- work out measures2. vEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > measure
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8 product
сущ.1)а) эк. продукт, изделие, товар (предмет, созданный человеком, машиной или природой; чаще всего имеются в виду предметы, созданные с целью продажи); мн. продукцияfood products — продукты, продовольственные товары
high-quality product — товар высокого качества, высококачественный [первоклассный\] товар
premium quality [premium grade\] product — товар высшего сорта [качества\], товар класса премиум-класса
undiscounted products — товары, продаваемые без скидки
fairly-priced product — товар по приемлемой [справедливой\] цене
See:acceptable product, accessory product, actual product, adulterated product, advanced technology products, ageing product, agricultural product, alimentary products, allied products, all-meat product, alternative products, ancillary product, anonymous product, augmented product, bakery products 1), basic product, beauty product, best-selling product, business products, by-product 1), &3, capitalized product, captive product, characteristic product, 2), co-product, commercialized product, commodity product, common product, comparable products, competing products, competiting products, competitive product, competitive products, complementary products, complete product, complicated product, conforming product, consumer products, consumer durable product, convenience products, core product, crop products, custom-designed product, customized product, custom-made product, declining product, deficient product, dehydrated product, differentiated product, diminishing marginal product, disposable product, diversified products, DIY product, do-it-yourself product, domestic product, durable products, egg product, electronics products, end product 2), &3, energy-saving product, entrenched product, essential product, established product, ethical product, ethnic product, everyday product, exclusive product, export products, fair trade product, fairly traded product, fairtrade product, fighting product, final product 1), а&2, financial product, food products, foreign products, formal product, functional product, generic product, global product, green products, grooming product, hair-care product, half-finished product, harmful product, health product, hedonic product, heterogeneous product, high performance product, high quality product, high-interest product 1), high-involvement products, high-margin product, high-reliability product, high-risk product, high-tech product, high-turnover product, high-value product, home-grown product, home-produced product, homogeneous product, hot product, household cleaning product, household maintenance products, household product, hygiene product, imitative product, imperfect product, import products, import-sensitive products, impulse product, industrial product, inferior product, information product, innovative product, in-process product, intangible product, interlocking products, intermediate product, investigated product, joint product, key product, knowledge-intensive product, known product, laundry products, lead product, leading edge product, leisure products, leisure-time products, licensed product, line extension product, livestock product, low-interest product 1), low-involvement products, low-value product, luxury product, main product 2), &3, manufactured products, marginal physical product, marginal product, mature product, me-too product, metal product, misbranded product, multinational product, multiple-use product 2), mundane product, national product, necessary product, necessity product, new product, no-name product, nonconforming product, non-conforming product, non-durable products, nonfood products, non-standard product, novel product, office products, off-price product, off-standard product, oil products, one-shot product, optional product, over-engineered product, paper products, parity products, patentable product, patented product, patent-protected product, payment product, pension product, pharmaceutical product, physical product, plant products, potential product, premium product, prestige products, price-sensitive product, primary products, prime product, printed products, private brand products, private label products, processed product, qualified product, quality products, ready-made product, rejected product, related product, replacement product, representative product, retirement product, revenue product, revised product, safe product, saleable product, salutary product, satisfactory product, scarce product, second generation product, secondary product, semi-finished products, shoddy product, sideline product, single-use product, skill-intensive product, slow-moving product, social product, sophisticated product, standardized products, sugared product, superior product, supplementary products, surplus product, synthetic product, tainted products, tangible product, tied product, tied products, tinned products, tobacco products 1), tying products, unacceptable product, unbranded product, unidentified product, unpatented product, unsafe product, unsaleable product, unsatisfactory product, utilitarian product, vendible product, viable product, wanted product, well-designed product, worthwhile product, product acceptability, product acceptance, product adaptability, product adaptation, product addition, product advertising, product analysis, product announcement, product application, product area, product arsenal, product assessment, product association, product assortment, product assurance, product augmentation, product availability, product awareness, product benefit, product billing, product brand, product branding, product bundling, product capabilities, product category, product choice, product claim, product class, product classification, product company, product compatibility, product competition, product comprehension, product concept, product conception, product control, product copy, product cost, product costing, product coverage, product cycle, product decision, product deletion, product demand, product demonstration, product departmentalization, product design, product development, product differences, product differentiation, product display, product distribution network, product diversification, product division, product element, product elimination, product engineering, product enhancement, product evaluation, product evolution, product exchange, product exhaustion, product expansion, product extension, product failure, product family, product field, product flows, product form, product graduation, product group, product homogeneity, product idea, product image, product improvement, product inflation, product innovation, product inspection, product integrity, product introduction, product invention, product item, product knowledge, product label, product labelling, product layout, product leveraging, product liability, product life, product life cycle, product line, product lineup, product literature, product management, product manager, product manual, product market, product marketing, product matching, product message, product mix, product modification, product name, product nameplate, product offering, product opportunity, product organization, product orientation, product origin, product patent, product perception, product performance, product personality, product placement, product plan, product planner, product planning, product policy, product portfolio, product position, product positioning, product preference, product presentation, product price, product pricing, product profile, product proliferation, product promotion, product proof, product protection, product publicity, product puffery, product quality, product quantity, product range, product rationalization, product recall, product release, product requirements, product research, product research and development, product retailer, product revision, product revolution, product safety, product sales, product sample, product sampling, product satisfaction, product segment, product segmentation, product shortage, product specialization, product specifications, product standard, product statement, product strategy, product structure, product style, product styling, product subline, product superiority, product survey, product tangibility, product team, product technology, product test, product testimony, product testing, product trial, product type, product uniformity, product usage, product validation, product variation, product variety, product warranty, endorse a product, Central Product Classification, Certificate of Pharmaceutical Product, Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers, Clay Product and Refractory Manufacturing, debt-for-products swapб) эк. продукт, объем продукции ( количество произведенных товаров или услуг)company's product — продукция компании, товары компании
See:2) общ. результат, продукт (итог какой-л. деятельности)History is the product of social and economic forces. — История — это результат взаимодействия общественных и экономических факторов.
the product of this activity is radiation — в результате этой деятельности появляется радиация.
See:3) мат. произведение ( результат умножения двух чисел)
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продукт, товар: что-либо производимое для продажи.* * ** * *. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * * -
9 time
nвремя; период; срок; момент
- active time
- actual time
- additional time
- administrative time
- allowed time
- application time
- appointed time
- arrival time
- assembly time
- attendance time
- average time
- bad time
- base time
- basic time
- break time
- busy time
- calculating time
- calendar time
- changeover time
- check time
- closing time
- computing time
- critical time
- customer waiting time
- cycle time
- dead time
- delay time
- delivery time
- demand usage time
- demurrage time
- departure time
- detention time
- disbursement time
- disbursement float time
- discharging time
- dispatch time
- down time
- effective time
- estimated time
- execution time
- exhibition time
- expired time
- external idle time
- forwarding time
- free time
- free storage time
- full time
- guarantee time
- handling time
- idle time
- improvement time
- in-commission time
- in-service time
- interest time
- interrepair time
- job time
- labour time
- lay time
- lead time
- leisure time
- lie time
- life time
- loading time
- local time
- long time
- lost time
- lunch time
- machine time
- machine idle time
- machining time
- maintenance time
- make-ready time
- manual time
- maximum time
- mean time
- necessary labour time
- net time
- net working time
- nonproductive time
- normal time
- off time
- opening time
- operating time
- operation time
- order time
- outage time
- overall time
- part time
- payback time
- payoff time
- processing time
- procurement time
- production time
- productive time
- programming time
- queueing time
- random time
- readiness time
- real time
- reasonable time
- reference time
- repair time
- running time
- scheduled time
- service time
- servicing time
- setup time
- setting-up time
- shipping time
- short time
- slack time
- spare time
- standard time
- standby time
- standing time
- startup time
- stopping time
- storage time
- straight time
- subsidized time
- swing time
- throughput time
- total time
- transit time
- travel time
- turnaround time
- uninterrupted working time
- unproductive time
- usable time
- usage time
- waiting time
- warming-up time
- work time
- working time
- time for acceptance
- time for appeal
- time for application
- time for complaint
- time for consideration
- time for delivery
- time for dispatch
- time for loading
- time for payment
- time for presentation
- time for protesting
- time for repayment
- time of arrival
- time of circulation
- time of delivery
- time of departure
- time of dispatch
- time of execution
- time of loading
- time of manufacture
- time of maturity
- time of nonuse
- time of operation
- time of payment
- time of performance of a contract
- time of presentation
- time of production
- time of redemption
- time of shipment
- time of transportation
- time of turnover
- time of validity
- time of a visit
- time of waiting
- ahead of time
- at the appointed time
- at the fixed time
- at a more opportune time
- at the present time
- for some time
- for the time being
- in time
- in due time
- in good time
- on time
- out of time
- time out
- time required
- time worked
- adhere to the time of delivery
- allow time
- buy on time
- change the time
- charge time
- curtail the time
- exceed the time
- extend the time
- fix a time
- keep the time
- make up for lost time
- mark time
- observe the time
- pay ahead of time
- pay on time
- postpone the delivery time
- reduce the time
- revise the time
- save time
- set a time
- specify a time
- stipulate a time
- take time
- take time out
- waste time
- work half time -
10 index
n2) индекс, статистический показатель, характеризующий изменение тех или иных явлений относительно базовой величины4) алфавитный указатель; каталог
- adjusted index
- aggregative index
- alphabetical index
- AMEX Major Market Index
- annual index
- applicable index
- average weighted index
- base index
- benchmark index
- birth rate index
- blue-chip index
- buying power index
- CAC General Index
- calendar year index
- capacity index
- card index
- chain index
- class index of patents
- classified index
- commodity index
- composite index
- consolidated index
- consumer confidence index
- consumer price index
- consumer sentiment index
- core consumer price index
- cost-of-funds index
- cost-of-living index
- crop yield index
- currency pool index
- currency-basket index
- deflator index
- demerit index
- density index
- designation index
- development index
- Dow-Jones index
- Dow Jones industrial index
- downtime index
- dummy index
- economic indices
- engineering and economic indices
- Eurotop 100 index
- exchange rate index
- Financial Times Actuaries Share Index
- Financial Times All-Share Index
- Financial Times Industrial Ordinary Share Index
- Financial Times Share Indices
- Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Share Index
- Financial Times World Index
- fixed weight index
- food price index
- free index
- freight index
- FT index
- FT-SE index
- FT-SE Eurotrack Index
- FT-SE Small Cap Index
- general index
- group index
- growth index
- guarantee index
- hedonic price index
- hi-lo index
- identifying index
- individual index
- industrial production index
- inflation index
- investment index
- labour input index
- leading index
- Lloyd's Shipping index
- market index
- market capitalization index
- maturity index
- migration index
- mobility index
- mortgage contract rate index
- NASDAQ composite index
- Nikkei 300 index
- Nielsen Drug Index
- Nielsen Food Index
- NYSE Common Stock Index
- NYSE Composite Index
- ocean freight rate index
- operational consumer price index
- outgoing product quality index
- output index
- patent index
- performance index
- population concentration index
- postal index
- preliminary index
- price index
- price increase index
- primary index
- priority index
- producer price index
- production index
- product quality index
- profitability index
- public utilities index
- purchasing power index
- qualitative index
- quality index
- quantitative index
- quantity index
- retail price index
- risk index
- seasonal index
- seasonally corrected index
- share index
- share price index
- socioeconomic index
- Standard and Poor's 500 Stock Index
- stock index
- stock exchange index
- summary index
- summary consumer price index
- tariff index
- terms of trade index
- total index
- trade index
- tramp freight index
- transport index
- trend-adjusted index
- unadjusted index
- unit-value index
- unweighted index
- utility index
- value index
- variability index
- volume index
- wage index
- weighted index
- wholesale price index
- year index
- index of applicants
- index of applications
- index of companies
- index of competitiveness
- index of consumption
- index of cost of living
- index of effectiveness
- index of employment
- index of entrepreneurial confidence
- index of goods
- index of industrial production
- index of leading economic indicators
- index of leading indicators
- index of licences
- index of manufacturing capacity
- index of prices
- index of production
- index of productivity
- index of real wages
- index of seasonal variation
- index of securities
- index of share prices
- index of stocks
- index of trademarks
- index of trade sections
- affect the index
- calculate indices
- compile a card index
- drive the index to its July low
- enter on a card index
- serve as an index
- track an index
См. также в других словарях:
performance standard — In standard costing, the standard level of performance to be achieved during a period. For example, a standard performance for direct labour of two standard hours to complete a task would be combined with the rate per standard hour for labour to… … Accounting dictionary
performance standard — In standard costing, the standard level of performance to be achieved during a period. For example, a standard performance for direct labour of two standard hours to complete a task would be combined with the rate per standard hour for labour to… … Big dictionary of business and management
Labour law — concerns the inequality of bargaining power between employers and workers. Labour law (also called labor law or employment law) is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of, and restrictions on,… … Wikipedia
Labour productivity — is defined by the OECD to be the ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input OECD Manual: “Measuring Productivity; Measurement of Aggregate and Industry Level Productivity Growth.” (2002) Volume measures of output are… … Wikipedia
Labour and tax laws in Iran — govern the employment and fiscal contributions of people working and living in Iran. Roughly one fourth of Iran s labour forc is engaged in manufacturing and construction. Another one fifth is engaged in agriculture, and the remainder are divided … Wikipedia
labour economics — Study of how workers are allocated among jobs, how their rates of pay are determined, and how their efficiency is affected by various factors. The labour force of a country includes all those who work for gain in any capacity as well as those who … Universalium
Labour Party (UK) — Labour Party … Wikipedia
standard direct labour cost — In standard costing, a standard cost derived from the standard time allowed for the performance of an operation and the standard direct labour rate for the operators specified for that operation … Accounting dictionary
standard direct labour cost — In standard costing, a standard cost derived from the standard time allowed for the performance of an operation and the standard direct labour rate for the operators specified for that operation … Big dictionary of business and management
standard — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun 1 level of quality ADJECTIVE ▪ high ▪ low, poor ▪ certain, minimum ▪ Players have to be of a certain standard to compete in the tournament … Collocations dictionary
labour-market flexibility — A term used to refer to all or some of a variety of features of particular jobs, or of the labour market as a whole, including: reduced demarcations between categories of worker and flexible job descriptions; the fluidity of workers movement… … Dictionary of sociology